'The Constitution assigns Congress the exclusive powers to "lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises,"' the court ruling states.

A federal court said on May 28 that President Donald Trump exceeded his authority when he declared a national emergency to impose sweeping baseline tariffs on nearly all U.S. trading partners earlier this year.

"The Constitution assigns Congress the exclusive powers to 'lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises,' and to 'regulate Commerce with foreign Nations,'" the court ruling states.

That law allows the president to regulate imports, including increased import levies, under extraordinary circumstances, like a national emergency.

Alongside the baseline tariff were reciprocal tariffs up to 50 percent on select trading partners accused of having high tariffs on U.S. imports, non-tariff trading barriers, or substantial trade deficits. Trump called these "Liberation Day" tariffs and said they were necessary to protect national security, address unfair trade practices, and rebuild domestic industries.

The plaintiffs, who argued that only Congress has the authority to collect duties on imports, are the attorneys general of Arizona, Oregon, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maine, Minnesota, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, and Vermont.