In an effort to address Japan's record-low fertility rates and promote work-life balance, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government has announced plans to implement a four-day workweek for its employees starting April 2025. The move aims to provide greater flexibility for workers, particularly young families, and is part of a broader effort to combat the country's demographic challenges.

Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike revealed the policy during a recent speech, highlighting the importance of adapting to changing societal needs. "Flexibility in work styles is crucial," she stated per Indian Express, emphasising that no one should have to choose between their career and life events such as childbirth or childcare.

Under the new system, Tokyo government employees will have the option to take three days off per week. Additionally, parents with elementary school-aged children will be allowed to reduce their working hours. While this would come with a slight salary reduction, it is designed to ease the burden of childcare responsibilities.

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Japan's declining fertility rate has been a growing concern for policymakers. The country's fertility rate dropped to just 1.2 children per woman in 2023, well below the 2.1 needed for population replacement, according to the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. In the same year, the nation recorded only 7,27,277 births - a historic low despite years of government efforts to incentivise childbearing.

Experts believe Japan's demanding work culture, known for long hours and intense pressure, is a significant barrier to balancing careers with family life. This environment has contributed to a notable gender gap in workforce participation. Data from the World Bank revealed a participation rate of 55 percent for women compared to 72 percent for men, further complicating the situation for women juggling professional and familial responsibilities.

Governor Koike expressed hope that this policy would serve as a model for other regions. "Now is the time for Tokyo to take the lead in protecting and improving the lives, livelihoods, and economy of our people during these challenging times for the nation," she said per NBC News.

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